Cancer Epidemiology
Volume 33, Issue 5 , Pages 347-354 , November 2009

Baseline alcohol consumption, type of alcoholic beverage and risk of colorectal cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition-Norfolk study

  • Jin Young Park

      Affiliations

    • Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB1 8RN, United Kingdom
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Tel.: +44 1223 740168; fax: +44 1223 740177.
    • ,
  • Panagiota N. Mitrou

      Affiliations

    • Medical Research Council Centre for Nutritional Epidemiology in Cancer Prevention and Survival, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB1 8RN, United Kingdom
    • ,
  • Christina C. Dahm

      Affiliations

    • Medical Research Council Centre for Nutritional Epidemiology in Cancer Prevention and Survival, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB1 8RN, United Kingdom
    • ,
  • Robert N. Luben

      Affiliations

    • Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB1 8RN, United Kingdom
    • ,
  • Nicholas J. Wareham

      Affiliations

    • Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Box 285, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom
    • ,
  • Kay-Tee Khaw

      Affiliations

    • Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB1 8RN, United Kingdom
    • ,
  • Sheila A. Rodwell

      Affiliations

    • Medical Research Council Centre for Nutritional Epidemiology in Cancer Prevention and Survival, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB1 8RN, United Kingdom
    • Professor Rodwell (Bingham) read an initial draft of this manuscript, but sadly passed away between submission and acceptance of this article.

,Accepted 30 October 2009.

References 

  1. Ferlay J, Autier P, Boniol M, Heanue M, Colombet M, Boyle P. Estimates of the cancer incidence and mortality in Europe in 2006. Ann Oncol. 2007;18(3):581–592
  2. Westlake S, Cooper N. Cancer incidence and mortality: trends in the United Kingdom and constituent countries 1993 to 2004 in Office for National Statistics Health Statistics Quarterly. 2008;
  3. WCRF/AICR . Food, nutrition, physical activity, and the prevention of cancer: a global perspective. Washington DC: AICR; 2007;
  4. Baan R, Straif K, Grosse Y, Secretan B, El GF, Bouvard V, et al. Carcinogenicity of alcoholic beverages. Lancet Oncol. 2007;8(4):292–293
  5. Allen NE, Beral V, Casabonne D, Kan SW, Reeves GK, Brown A, et al. Moderate alcohol intake and cancer incidence in women. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2009;101(5):296–305
  6. Bagnardi V, Blangiardo M, Vecchia CL, Corrao G. A meta-analysis of alcohol drinking and cancer risk. Br J Cancer. 2001;85(11):1700–1705
  7. Corrao G, Bagnardi V, Zambon A, La Vecchia C. A meta-analysis of alcohol consumption and the risk of 15 diseases. Prev Med. 2004;38(5):613–619
  8. Akhter M, Kuriyama S, Nakaya N, Shimazu T, Ohmori K, Nishino Y, et al. Alcohol consumption is associated with an increased risk of distal colon and rectal cancer in Japanese men: the Miyagi Cohort Study. Eur J Cancer. 2007;43(2):383–390
  9. Bongaerts BW, van den Brandt PA, Goldbohm RA, de Goeij AF, Weijenberg MP. Alcohol consumption, type of alcoholic beverage and risk of colorectal cancer at specific subsites. Int J Cancer. 2008;123(10):2411–2417
  10. Chen K, Jiang Q, Ma X, Li Q, Yao K, Yu W, et al. Alcohol drinking and colorectal cancer: a population-based prospective cohort study in China. Eur J Epidemiol. 2005;20(2):149–154
  11. Ferrari P, Jenab M, Norat T, Moskal A, Slimani N, Olsen A, et al. Lifetime and baseline alcohol intake and risk of colon and rectal cancers in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). Int J Cancer. 2007;121(9):2065–2072
  12. Lim HJ, Park BJ. Cohort study on the association between alcohol consumption and the risk of colorectal cancer in the Korean elderly. J Prev Med Public Health. 2008;41(1):23–29
  13. Mizoue T, Inoue M, Wakai K, Nagata C, Shimazu T, Tsuji I, et al. Alcohol drinking and colorectal cancer in japanese: a pooled analysis of results from five cohort studies. Am J Epidemiol. 2008;167(12):1397–1406
  14. Moskal A, Norat T, Ferrari P, Riboli E. Alcohol intake and colorectal cancer risk: a dose-response meta-analysis of published cohort studies. Int J Cancer. 2007;120(3):664–671
  15. Toriola AT, Kurl S, Laukanen JA, Mazengo C, Kauhanen J. Alcohol consumption and risk of colorectal cancer: the Findrink study. Eur J Epidemiol. 2008;23(6):395–401
  16. Kloner R, Rezkalla S. To drink or not to drink? that is the question. Circulation. 2007;116(11):1306–1317
  17. Cho E, Smith-Warner SA, Ritz J, van den Brandt PA, Colditz GA, Folsom AR, et al. Alcohol intake and colorectal cancer: a pooled analysis of 8 cohort studies. Ann Intern Med. 2004;140(8):603–613
  18. Chyou PH, Nomura AMY, Stemmermann GN. A prospective study of colon and rectal cancer among Hawaii Japanese men. Ann Epidemiol. 1996;6(4):276–282
  19. Poschl G, Seitz HK. Alcohol and cancer. Alcohol Alcohol. 2004;39(3):155–165
  20. Boffetta P, Hashibe M. Alcohol and cancer. Lancet Oncol. 2006;7(2):149–156
  21. Department of Health . Health profile of England 2008. 2009;
  22. Day N, Oakes S, Luben R, Khaw KT, Bingham S, Welch A, et al. EPIC-Norfolk: study design and characteristics of the cohort. European Prospective Investigation of Cancer. Br J Cancer. 1999;80(Suppl 1):95–103
  23. Riboli E, Kaaks R. The EPIC Project: rationale and study design. European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. Int J Epidemiol. 1997;26(Suppl 1):S6–14
  24. Khaw KT, Wareham N, Bingham S, Welch A, Luben R, Day N. Combined impact of health behaviours and mortality in men and women: the EPIC-Norfolk prospective population study. PLoS Med. 2008;5(1):e12
  25. The National Health Service . NHS choices: know your limits. 2008;http://units.nhs.uk/howMany.html
  26. Bingham SA, Welch AA, McTaggart A, Mulligan AA, Runswick SA, Luben R, et al. Nutritional methods in the European Prospective Investigation of Cancer in Norfolk. Public Health Nutr. 2001;4(3):847–858
  27. Welch AA, McTaggart A, Mulligan AA, Luben R, Walker N, Khaw KT, et al. DINER (Data Into Nutrients for Epidemiological Research)—a new data-entry program for nutritional analysis in the EPIC-Norfolk cohort and the 7-day diary method. Public Health Nutr. 2001;4(6):1253–1265
  28. Wareham NJ, Jakes RW, Rennie KL, Schuit J, Mitchell J, Hennings S, et al. Validity and repeatability of a simple index derived from the short physical activity questionnaire used in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. Public Health Nutr. 2003;6(4):407–413
  29. McFadden E, Luben R, Wareham N, Bingham S, Khaw KT. Occupational social class, educational level, smoking and body mass index, and cause-specific mortality in men and women: a prospective study in the European Prospective Investigation of Cancer and Nutrition in Norfolk (EPIC-Norfolk) cohort. Eur J Epidemiol. 2008;23(8):511–522
  30. Pedersen A, Johansen C, Gronbaek M. Relations between amount and type of alcohol and colon and rectal cancer in a Danish population based cohort study. Gut. 2003;52(6):861–867
  31. Goldbohm RA, van den Brandt PA, Van’t VP, Dorant E, Sturmans F, Hermus RJ. Prospective study on alcohol consumption and the risk of cancer of the colon and rectum in the Netherlands. Cancer Causes Control. 1994;5(2):95–104
  32. Gronbaek M, Becker U, Johansen D, Tonnesen H, Jensen G, Sorensen TI. Population based cohort study of the association between alcohol intake and cancer of the upper digestive tract. BMJ. 1998;317(7162):844–847
  33. Prescott E, Gr°nbmk M, Becker U, S°rensen TIA. Alcohol intake and the risk of lung cancer: influence of type of alcoholic beverage. Am J Epidemiol. 1999;149(5):463–470
  34. Jang M, Cai L, Udeani GO, Slowing KV, Thomas CF, Beecher CWW, et al. Cancer chemopreventive activity of resveratrol, a natural product derived from grapes. Science. 1997;275(5297):218–220
  35. Schneider Y, Vincent F, Duranton B, Badolo L, Gossq F, Bergmann C, et al. Anti-proliferative effect of resveratrol, a natural component of grapes and wine, on human colonic cancer cells. Cancer Lett. 2000;158(1):85–91
  36. Gapstur SM, Potter JD, Folsom AR. Alcohol consumption and colon and rectal cancer in postmenopausal women. Int J Epidemiol. 1994;23(1):50–57
  37. Anderson JC, Alpern Z, Sethi G, Messina CR, Martin C, Hubbard PM, et al. Prevalence and risk of colorectal neoplasia in consumers of alcohol in a screening population. Am J Gastroenterol. 2005;100(9):2049–2055
  38. Tjonneland A, Gronbmk M, Stripp C, Overvad K. Wine intake and diet in a random sample of 48,763 Danish men and women. Am J Clin Nutr. 1999;69(1):49–54
  39. Duncan BB, Chambless LE, Schmidt MI, Folsom AR, Szklo M, Crouse JR, et al. Association of the waist-to-hip ratio is different with wine than with beer or hard liquor consumption. Am J Epidemiol. 1995;142(10):1034–1038
  40. Collaborative Group on Hormonal Factors in Breast Cancer. Alcohol, tobacco and breast cancer—collaborative reanalysis of individual data from 53 epidemiological studies, including 58515 women with breast cancer and 95067 women without the disease. Br J Cancer. 2002;87(11):1234–1245
  41. Tang R, Wang PF, Wang HC, Wang JY, Hsieh LL. Mutations of p 53 gene in human colorectal cancer: distinct frameshifts among populations. Int J Cancer. 2001;91(6):863–868
  42. Department of Health UK . Alcohol advice. 2008;http://www.dh.gov.uk/en/Publichealth/Healthimprovement/Alcoholmisuse/DH_085385
  43. Single E, Wortley S. A comparison of alternative measures of alcohol consumption in the Canadian National Survey of alcohol and drug use. Addiction. 1994;89(4):395–399
  44. Rehm J, Greenfield TK, Walsh G, Xie X, Robson L, Single E. Assessment methods for alcohol consumption, prevalence of high risk drinking and harm: a sensitivity analysis. Int J Epidemiol. 1999;28(2):219–224
  45. Giovannucci E, Stampfer MJ, Colditz GA, Manson JE, Rosner BA, Longnecker MP, et al. Recall and selection bias in reporting past alcohol consumption among breast cancer cases. Cancer Causes Control. 1993;4(5):441–448
  46. Thygesen LC, Wu K, Gronbaek M, Fuchs CS, Willett WC, Giovannucci E. Alcohol intake and colorectal cancer: a comparison of approaches for including repeated measures of alcohol consumption. Epidemiology. 2008;19(2):258–264
  47. Rehm J, Gmel G. Alcohol consumption and total mortality/morbidity—definitions and methodological implications. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol. 2003;17(4):497–505
  48. The National Health Service the Information Centre . Statistics on alcohol: England 2006. 2008;
  49. Institute of Alcohol Studies . Drinking in Great Britain; IAS Factsheet. 2008;
  50. Rehm J, Taylor B, Patra J. Volume of alcohol consumption, patterns of drinking and burden of disease in the European region 2002. Addiction. 2006;101(8):1086–1095
  51. Rehm J, Room R, Graham K, Monteiro M, Gmel G, Sempos CT. The relationship of average volume of alcohol consumption and patterns of drinking to burden of disease: an overview. Addiction. 2003;98(9):1209–1228
  52. Ezzati M, Rodgers A, Lopez AD. Mortality and burden of disease attributable to individual risk factors. Comparative quantification of health risks. Global and regional burden of disease attributable to selected major risk factors. vol. 2. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2004;
  53. World Health Organization, International Agency for Research on Cancer . IARC Monographs on the evaluation of carcinogenic risks to humans. 2006;http://monographs.iarc.fr/ENG/Preamble/CurrentPreamble.pdf

PII: S1877-7821(09)00144-1

doi: 10.1016/j.canep.2009.10.015

Cancer Epidemiology
Volume 33, Issue 5 , Pages 347-354 , November 2009

Article Tools

* Image Usage & Resolution