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Volume 33, Issue 5, Pages 355-362 (November 2009)


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Total fluid and specific beverage intake and risk of renal cell carcinoma in Canada

Jinfu HuaCorresponding Author Informationemail address, Yang Maoa, Marie DesMeulesa, Ilona Csizmadib, Christine Friedenreichb, Les Meryc, The Canadian Cancer Registries Epidemiology Research Group1

Accepted 7 October 2009. published online 05 November 2009.

Abstract 

Background: Intake of total fluids and specific beverages may be associated with the risk of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) through a diluting effect of carcinogens. However, total fluid consumption and RCC risk has not received sufficient examination. In this study, we assessed the roles of total fluid intake and type of beverage intake in the risk of RCC. Methods: Mailed questionnaires were completed by 1138 newly diagnosed, histologically confirmed RCC cases and 5039 population controls between 1994 and 1997 in 8 Canadian provinces. Data collection included information on socio-economic status, physical activity, smoking habits, alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverage use, diet, residential history and occupational history. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were derived through unconditional logistic regression. Results: Higher total fluid intake was associated with risk of RCC; the OR for the highest versus the lowest quartile was 1.49 (95% CI 1.20–1.85). Intake of total juices and coffee was also related to the risk of RCC; for the highest versus the lowest quartile, the ORs were 1.53 (95% CI 1.18–1.99) and 1.33 (95% CI 1.07–1.66), respectively. These positive associations were stronger in men, but not in women. Higher coffee intake was more strongly associated with RCC in normal weight subjects. In contrast, total intake of alcohol was inversely associated with the risk of RCC. Intake of tap water (not in coffee or tea), bottled water, tea, soft drinks and milk was not related to RCC. Conclusions: The risk of RCC for higher intake of total fluids, coffee and juices might involve gender differences.

a Evidence and Risk Assessment Division, Centre for Chronic Disease Prevention and Control, Public Health Agency of Canada, 785 Carling Avenue, AL: 6807B, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0K9

b Cancer Care, Alberta Health Services, Canada

c Canadian Partnership Against Cancer, Ottawa, Canada

Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Tel.: +1 613 957 1070; fax: +1 613 941 2633.

1 The Canadian Cancer Registries Epidemiology Research Group comprises a principal investigator from each of the provincial cancer registries involved in the National Enhanced Cancer Surveillance System: Bertha Paulse, Newfoundland Cancer Foundation; Ron Dewar, Nova Scotia Cancer Registry; Dagny Dryer, Prince Edward Island Cancer Registry; Nancy Kreiger, Cancer Care Ontario; Heather Whittaker, Manitoba Cancer Treatment and Research Foundation; Diane Robson, Saskatchewan Cancer Foundation; Shirley Fincham, Alberta Cancer Board; and Nhu Le, British Columbia Cancer Agency.

PII: S1877-7821(09)00133-7

doi:10.1016/j.canep.2009.10.004


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